Simulasi Proses Pirolisis Batu Bara Untuk Produksi Bio Oil Pada Berbagai Variasi Temperatur Menggunakan Aspen Plus

Abstract

This research aims to simulate the pyrolysis process of lignite in an effort to produce bio-oil using Aspen Plus software. The simulation was conducted at three temperature variations, namely 400°C, 500°C, and 600°C, to determine the effect of temperature on the distribution of pyrolysis products, namely bio-oil, gas, and char. The RYield model was used to represent the non-stoichiometric decomposition of lignite, while the Flash unit was employed to separate products based on their phases. The simulation results show that increasing pyrolysis temperature leads to an increase in gas yield and a decrease in char and bio-oil yields. At 400°C, the bio-oil yield reached 1.4276 kg, while at 600°C it decreased to 1.3024 kg. Conversely, gas yield increased from 0.5974 kg to 0.8226 kg. This pattern aligns with trends reported in the literature, where higher temperatures accelerate the decomposition of solid organic compounds into gas. This simulation demonstrates that Aspen Plus can be used as a predictive tool in the design and preliminary analysis of pyrolysis processes. However, limitations remain, particularly in the accuracy of thermodynamic data for pseudo components such as bio-oil and char, as well as the absence of actual reaction kinetics.