Analisis Dampak Pengembangan Sektor Pertanian Terhadap Ketimpangan Antar Wilayah di Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam Perspektif Perencanaan Wilayah

Abstract

As one of Indonesia's largest economies, North Sumatra still heavily relies on it’s agricultural sector. However, uneven development within this sector contributes to regional disparity across the province. This study aims to: (1) analyze the difference in regional disparity levels with and without the agricultural sector in the GRDP; (2) understand and analyze the impact of agricultural sector development on regional disparity; and (3) identify the most significant agricultural sector development variables influencing regional disparity. The Paired Sample t- Test was used to analyze disparity levels, both with and without the agricultural sector, using the Williamson Index. Additionally, the Panel Data Regression method (FEM model) was applied to analyze the impact of agricultural sector development, represented by agricultural sector GRDP, road length, and the number of agricultural workers, on regional disparity. The Paired Sample t-Test results indicates that the agricultural sector plays a significant role in reducing regional disparity in North Sumatera. Panel Data Regression results show that agricultural sector GRDP and the number of agricultural workers positively and significantly affect the regional disparity, while road length has a negative but insignificant effect. Simultaneously, agricultural sector development variables significantly influence inter-regional disparity.