Evaluasi Microstructure pada Komposit Mortar Ecc Kerikil Aspal Styrofoam Crumb Rubber dan Komposit Cr Ecc-Kerikil Aspal Styrofoam Crumb Rubber Berbasis Abu Cangkang Sawit

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the microstructure of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) mortar based on porous asphalt gravel, modified by the addition of styrofoam and crumb rubber, and combined with fly ash and palm shell ash as cementitious materials. The main objective is to examine the influence of these materials on the morphology and internal interface of the mortar using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, both on compressive strength and fire resistance test specimens. The research involved the preparation of four types of composites: porous asphalt gravel mortar-ECC, mortar-ECC with styrofoam and crumb rubber, porous asphalt gravel CR-ECC, and CR-ECC with styrofoam and crumb rubber. Each variation was tested for compressive strength and fire resistance at 3 days of age and analyzed for its microstructure using SEM. The results showed that the use of crumb rubber in CR-ECC improved thermal performance due to its micro-level elasticity, which helped slow down crack propagation under high temperatures. In contrast, the addition of styrofoam tended to reduce fire resistance and structural homogeneity due to increased porosity. This research demonstrates that combining waste materials such as fly ash, palm shell ash, and crumb rubber has the potential to produce more environmentally friendly composite materials with good mechanical and thermal performance. The findings are expected to serve as a reference for the development of innovative materials in sustainable construction applications.