| dc.description.abstract | Antimicrobial resistance, particularly Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA), poses a major challenge in modern healthcare due to its resistance to various
antibiotics. Andaliman fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) is known to contain
active compounds such as terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids, which have potential
antibacterial properties. Although studies have investigated its activity against S.
aureus, research on its effectiveness against resistant strains like MRSA remains
limited. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of andaliman fruit extract
against MSSA and MRSA in vitro as an initial step in developing a plant-based
alternative therapy.
Objective: To analyze the antibacterial effectiveness of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and
combined extracts of andaliman fruit against MSSA and MRSA in vitro through
inhibition zone assays at various concentrations (5–35%), and to identify the types and
levels of active compounds using GC-MS.
Methods: This study is an in vitro experimental research using a post-test only control
group design, comparing the inhibition zones of andaliman fruit extracts prepared with
three types of solvents (ethanol, ethyl acetate, and their combination) at concentrations
of 5–35% against the growth of MSSA and MRSA using the disk diffusion method.
The active compounds and their concentrations were analyzed using GC-MS.
Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in the
diameter of the inhibition zones among the solvent groups and extract concentrations
against MSSA and MRSA. Significant results were observed in the ethanol group for
MSSA (p=0.004), ethyl acetate group for MSSA (p=0.004), ethanol group for MRSA
(p=0.010), ethyl acetate group for MRSA (p=0.006), and combination group for MRSA
(p=0.014). The combination extract group for MSSA (p=0.417) showed no significant
difference. The average inhibition zone diameters (in mm) for MSSA were: ethanol
35% (11.60±1.30), ethyl acetate 35% (11.17±0.12), and combination 25% (8.20±0.96);
and for MRSA: ethanol 35% (10.90±0.35), ethyl acetate 35% (10.23), and combination
30% (8.33±0.49).
Conclusion: The combination solvent did not show superior antibacterial activity
against MSSA and MRSA compared to the single solvents (ethanol and ethyl acetate).
The active compounds identified in the andaliman fruit extracts that are suspected to
contribute to antibacterial activity include geranyl acetate and phytol. | en_US |
