Hubungan Kadar Estradiol Terhadap Derajat Gangguan Pendengaran pada Wanita Premenopause dan Menopause

Abstract

Background: Hearing loss can negatively impact quality of life. The hormone estradiol plays a role in hearing function through estrogen receptors in the cochlea. Decreased estradiol levels during menopause are thought to be associated with hearing loss. Objective: To determine the relationship between estradiol levels and the degree of hearing impairment in premenopause and menopause women. Method: A cross-sectional analytical study of 50 women aged 45–55 years. Serum estradiol levels, audiometry, tympanometry, and OAEs were measured. Statistical analysis used the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Results: The majority of subjects (64%) had estradiol levels <20 pg/mL. There was a significant association between estradiol levels and the degree of hearing loss in both the right (p=0.001) and left (p=0.005) ears. Women with estradiol levels <20 pg/mL had a 7.875 times greater risk of experiencing moderate hearing loss. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between estradiol levels and the degree of hearing loss in premenopause and menopause women.