Hubungan Nilai Mean Platelet Volume Terhadap Stadium Klinis dan Tipe Histopatologi pada Penderita Karsinoma Nasofaring di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan pada Tahun 2014 – 2016

Abstract

Latar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan salah satu keganasan kepala dan leher endemik di Cina Selatan dan Asia Tenggara dengan angka kelangsungan hidup rendah. Sistem stadium TNM dianggap masih kurang memadai dan tidak mencerminkan heterogenitas biologis. Responsivitas kemoterapi dan radioterapi diketahui berbeda antara tipe histopatologi KNF. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) dilaporkan sebagai biomarker yang berkorelasi dengan karakteristik pasien keganasan sehubungan laju pertumbuhan dan invasi tumor ganas. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan nilai MPV terhadap stadium klinis dan tipe histopatologi pada penderita KNF. Metode penelitian: Penelitian analitik desain potong-lintang menggunakan data sekunder terhadap 338 sampel penderita KNF Divisi Onkologi Departemen T.H.T.K.L FK USU/RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan mulai Januari 2014 - Desember 2016. Data pribadi, hasil laboratorium, stadium klinis berdasarkan CT-scan nasofaring dan temuan histopatologi dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis dengan ANOVA (p=0.05). Hasil: Nilai rerata MPV paling tinggi pada kelompok jenis kelamin perempuan (10.46 ± 1.14), pada umur >50 tahun (10.44 ± 1.22), dengan stadium klinis IV (10.49 ± 1.19) serta gambaran tipe histopatologi KSCC (11.86 ± 0.58). Tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna (p>0.05) secara statistik antara nilai rerata MPV terhadap jenis kelamin maupun umur. Namun ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0.05) secara statistik antara nilai rerata MPV terhadap stadium klinis dan tipe histopatologi.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of head and neck malignancies, endemic in Southern China and Southeast Asia with low survival rates. TNM staging system is still inadequate and it does not reflect biological heterogeneity. Responsiveness of NPC to chemotherapy and radiotherapy varies depended its histopathological types. Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) is a biomarker related to characteristics of patients with malignancies regarding tumor growth and invasion. Objective: To demonstrate the relationship between MPV level, clinical stage and histopathological type in patients with NPC. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study in 338 patients with NPC using secondary data at Oncology Division, Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sumatera Utara/Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, January 2014 - December 2016. Personal data, laboratory finding, clinical stage according to CT-scan of nasopharynx and histopathological finding were collected and analyzed by ANOVA (p=0.05). Results: The mean level of MPV was highest in females (10.46 ± 1.14), age group of >50 years (10.44 ± 1.22), stage IV (10.49 ± 1.19), histopathological type of keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (11.86 ± 0.58). No significant differences (p>0.05) were found between the mean level of MPV, sex, and age, statistically. However, significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the mean level of MPV, clinical stage, and histopathological finding, statistically.