Analisis Membran Selulosa Asetat Dengan Penambahan Karbon Aktif Termodifikasi Kitosan Penaeus monodon Sebagai Filter Air Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Kromium Heksavalen

Abstract

Cellulose acetate membranes have relatively low selectivity for heavy metals, particularly hexavalent chromium, achieving only 47.2%. Therefore, the addition of organic or inorganic components is necessary during the membrane fabrication process to enhance the quality of these membranes. The shell of Penaeus monodon, which is rich in chitin, can be utilized to improve membrane quality when modified with activated carbon. The purpose of this study is to fabricate cellulose acetate membranes with the addition of activated carbon modified with Penaeus monodon chitosan to reduce hexavalent chromium levels. The research stages include synthesizing chitosan from the isolated chitin of Penaeus monodon, modifying activated carbon with chitosan, and fabricating membranes using the phase inversion technique with variations in the mass of chitosan-modified activated carbon added (0 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, and 1.5 g). Characterizations were performed on the adsorbent, membrane, and hexavalent chromium solution, including FTIR, SEM, permeability, tensile strength, and UV-Visible spectrophotometry tests. The FTIR characterization results show that Penaeus monodon chitosan was successfully synthesized, and the modification process on activated carbon with chitosan occurred. Membrane analysis revealed asymmetric pore structures, with pore sizes ranging from 0.6 μm to 4.104 μm for membranes without chitosan-modified activated carbon and 1.067 μm to 8.288 μm for membranes with the addition of 1.5 g of chitosan-modified activated carbon. The permeability and selectivity values of the membrane for hexavalent chromium increased with the addition of chitosan-modified activated carbon, with permeability rising from 0.0134 mL/cm².s to 0.023 mL/cm².s and selectivity increasing from 46.6% to 76.7%. However, the tensile strength decreased with the addition of chitosan-modified activated carbon, from 2.2423 MPa to 0.102 MPa.