Induksi Kalus Tanaman Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa L.) Secara In Vitro Menggunakan Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) dan Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP)

Abstract

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is an herbal plant that has various pharmacological and culinary benefits. The production of black cumin in Indonesia is still low, so Indonesia imports black cumin seeds from India, Egypt, Syria, and South Africa to meet the high demand for black cumin seeds. This study aims to determine the effect of IAA and BAP concentration and their interaction on MS basal medium on the in vitro growth of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) callus. This research was conducted at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, from December 2024 to May 2025. This research uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is the concentration of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA): I0 (0 ppm), I1 (1.75 ppm), I2 (2.0 ppm), and I3 (2.25 ppm). The second factor is Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP): B0 (0 ppm), B1 (1.25 ppm), B2 (1.5 ppm), and B3 (1.75 ppm). The parameters observed in this study were the percentage of living explants (%), the percentage of explants forming callus (%), the percentage of explants forming shoots (%), days to callus appearance (d), fresh weight of callus (g), callus color, and callus texture. The research results showed that the application of IAA and BAP significantly affected the parameters of explants forming callus, days to callus appearance, and fresh weight of callus, with the best treatment being I1B3 (1.75 ppm IAA + 1.75 ppm BAP), which induced the fastest callus appearance time of 29.50 days, the highest fresh weight of callus at 0.0404 grams, green color, and compact callus texture.