Analisis Risiko Pajanan SO2 pada Petugas Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar (SPBU) di Kota Medan

Abstract

The Public Fuel Filling Station (SPBU) is one of the locations with a high potensial for exposure to SO2 pollutants due to the evaporation of fuel containing sulfur, such as biosolar fuel. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) originates from vehicle emissions, especially those using biosolar fuel. SO2 is a pollutant that poses risks to human health and can cause coughing, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, irritation of the respiratory tract, inflammation of the respiratory tract, respiratory infections, and damage to the respiratory system. SPBU staff who work for extended periods are at high risk of SO2 exposure because they work directly in environments exposed to vehicle emissions. This study was conducted to analyze the levels of SO2 in the air and respiratory health complaints among SPBU staff. The type of research is analytical with a quantitative cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study consisted of 30 staff members using purposive sampling techniques. From the measurement results, it was found that the highest SO2 level at Pertamina 14.202.185 at point 2 was 38,85 μg/m3, and the lowest SO2 levet at SPBU 14-201105 at point 3 was 30,90 μg/m3. Based on these measurements results, it was found that the SO2 level at the SPBU did not exceed the quality standards. Based on respiratory health complaints, it was found that 19 out of 30 staff members experienced respiratory health complaints, with the most common complaint being cough, reported by 12 staff members (40,0%). The most frequent respiratory complaints occured at unpredictable times, affecting 11 staff members (36,7%), indicating that these complaints did not only occur during or after work. The intake calculations for SPBU staff indicated that the intake values were in the safe category. The Risk Quotient (RQ) calculations for SPBU staff showed results below 1, indicating no risk since RQ<1. The conclusion of this study is that the levels of SO2 in the air at SPBU in Medan City do not exceed the established quality standards. It is recommended that SPBU staff become accustomed to wearing masks to reduce exposure to airbone pollutant gases.