Hubungan Faktor Karakteristik Individu dan Lingkungan dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Rumah Sakit Harapan Kota Pematangsiantar Tahun 2025

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by infection with the dengue virus which is transmitted through the bite of the aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Based on WHO data, the incidence of DHF worldwide has increased over the past two decades. Indonesia is an endemic country for DHF with an IR in 2023 of 41.4 per 100,000 population and a CFR of 0.78 percent. In 2023, North Sumatra Province had an IR of 41.4 per 100,000 population and a CFR of 0.51 percent and Pematangsiantar City had an IR of 64.4 per 100,000 population and a CFR of 1.7 percent. At Harapan Hospital, Pematangsiantar City, there were 379 cases of DHF in 2024. This study aims to determine the relationship between individual and environmental characteristics with the incidence of DHF at Harapan Hospital, Pematangsiantar City in 2025. This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 88 people, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires and medical records. The results of bivariate analysis using chi-square test showed that individual characteristics that had a significant relationship with the incidence of DHF were age (p=0,026), education (p=0,014), number of family members (p=0,038), while gender (p=0,697), occupation (p=0,077) did not show a significant relationship. In environmental factors, namely wire mesh on ventilation (p=0,047), water reservoirs (p=0,015), hanging clothes (p=0,002) had a significant relationship with the incidence of DHF. In the preventive behavior factor that had a significant relationship, PSN activities (p=0,023) and there is no relationship between incidence of DHF use of mosquito repellent (p=0,070). In this study, it is expected that there will be an education program to prevent dengue fever in the community, especially for school children