Analisis Permintaan Protein Hewani di Sumatera Utara Melalui Model Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS)

Abstract

The high prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, currently at 21.6%, indicates that the population's nutritional intake remains suboptimal. One of the government’s efforts to reduce stunting is by promoting the consumption of animal-based foods. However, the consumption of animal protein in Indonesia remains relatively low, accounting for only around 8% of total food intake. In North Sumatra, plant-based protein still dominates over animal protein sources such as meat, fish, and eggs. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the market share of animal protein and the competitive relationship among different animal protein commodities. The research employs purposive sampling and modern analytical methods, using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model and SAS software for data processing. The results show that fish holds the largest market share. Beef and chicken are price-elastic, while fish and eggs are price-inelastic. The strongest substitution relationship is found between beef and chicken. In terms of income, beef and chicken are considered luxury goods, whereas fish and eggs are classified as normal goods.