Uji In Vitro Ekstrak Lengkuas (Alpinia galanga W.) dan Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) Sebagai Biofungisida untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) pada Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens)

Abstract

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is an inseparable vegetable commodity, used as a spice and in the pharmaceutical industry because it is rich in vitamins. Anthracnose is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which infects the fruit, thereby reducing plant productivity. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of galangal and lemongrass extracts in inhibiting the growth of the fungus (C.gloeosporioides) on chili pepper plants in vitro. This study was conducted at the Plant Disease Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture and the Natural Biological Materials Chemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of North Sumatra, Medan. This research was started in May 2024 until November 2024. This research was arranged using a Non-Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 9 levels for the media poisoning method with treatments L0 (Control), L1(100% concentration of galangal extract), L2(75% concentration of galangal extract), L3(50% concentration of galangal extract), L4 (25% concentration of galangal extract), L5(100% concentration of citronella extract), L6(75% concentration of citronella extract), L7(50% concentration of citronella extract), L8(25% concentration of citronella extract). The well diffusion method with 7 treatment levels with the notation S. The results showed that L1 was the most effective in suppressing the growth of C.gloeosporioides fungus with an average inhibition of 72%. While the weakest was L8 with an average inhibition of 16%. The well diffusion method did not significantly affect the growth and inhibition of C.gloeosporioides fungus.