Pengaruh Upah Minimum, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Tingkat Pengangguran, dan Government Expenditure terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di 5 Negara Asean

Abstract

The Human Development Index (HDI) is an indicator used to measure the level of success of a country's development in terms of the quality of human life. Increasing the HDI is one of the main goals of sustainable development in the ASEAN region. This study aims to examine the effect of the Minimum Wage, Economic Growth, Unemployment Rate and Government Expenditure on Human Development Index (HDI) in five ASEAN countries over the period of 2011–2022. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method, utilizing secondary data in a panel data analysis approach. The study applies Panel Data Regression with the help of Eviews 12 software. The results of this study show that: 1) Minimum Wage has a positive and insignificant effect on Human Development Index in five ASEAN countries, 2) Economic Growth has a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index in five ASEAN countries, 3) Unemployment Rate has no negative and insignificant effect on Human Development Index in five ASEAN countries, 4) Government Expenditure has a negative and insignificant effect on the Human Development Index in five ASEAN countries, 5) Minimum Wage, Economic Growth, Unemployment Rate and Government Expenditure simultaneously have a significant effect on the Human Development Index in five ASEAN countries.