Pengaruh Faktor Ekonomi Terhadap Penuntasan Wajib Belajar 12 Tahun Di Provinsi Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Education serves as the fundamental foundation in shaping high-quality human resources. The 12-Year Compulsory Education Program is a national strategy aimed at improving human capital, reducing poverty, and narrowing social inequality. However, socioeconomic disparities remain a major obstacle to its effective implementation. This study aims to analyze the influence of per capita income and poverty rate on the completion of 12-year compulsory education in North Sumatra Province. The research utilizes secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Provincial Education Office of North Sumatra for the years 2022–2023. The analysis method employed is multiple linear regression using panel data with the Common Effect Model (CEM) approach, processed through EViews software. The independent variables consist of per capita income (X₁) and poverty rate (X₂), while the dependent variable is the completion rate of 12-year compulsory education (Y). The results show that both per capita income and poverty rate have a statistically significant effect, both partially and simultaneously, on the completion rate of compulsory education, with p-values less than 0.05 and a Prob(F-statistic) of 0.000000. The R² value of 0.718501 indicates that 71.85% of the variation in the completion of compulsory education is explained by the two independent variables. These findings highlight that economic factors play a crucial role in supporting the success of secondary education implementation in North Sumatra Province.