Desain Optimasi dan Simulasi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Hybrid (Diesel-Surya-Angin) Menggunakan Homer dan Etap

Abstract

Tello Island, as a 3T region, still depends on diesel power plants (PLTD), which incur high operational costs and pose significant environmental impacts. To support the clean energy transition in line with global policy frameworks set by the IEA and UNFCCC, this study proposes the design of a Hybrid Power Plant (PLTH) integrating solar and wind energy sources, with PLTD serving as backup. Optimal capacity planning was conducted using HOMER Pro to assess technical, economic, and environmental feasibility, while ETAP was employed to analyze distribution network performance. The simulation results indicate an optimal configuration consisting of 1,735 kWp solar PV system, 40 kW wind turbine, 4,817 kWh lithium battery, 1,500 kW inverter, and 1,000 kW converter, in addition to six existing diesel generator units. The Hybrid system can supply an annual load of 4.56 GWh, with 53% of energy sourced from renewables and generating an energy surplus of 110,004 kWh. Diesel fuel consumption is reduced by 737,508 liters per year, and the LCOE decreases to Rp1,987.96/kWh. Economically, the system yields an NPV of Rp33.76 billion, an IRR of 13.3%, and a Payback Period of 7 years and 4 months nominally, or 9 years and 11 months in discounted terms. Environmentally, CO₂ and SO₂ emissions are reduced by 1,951,348 kg and 4,838 kg per year, respectively. ETAP results demonstrate improvements in active and reactive load flow as well as voltage profiles, with the 20 kV system from 19.44–19.50 kV to 19.71–19.75 kV, and the 0.4 kV from 0.374–0.376 kV to 0.380–0.381 kV.