Rancang Bangun Panel Automatic Transfer Switch dan Automatic Main Failure

Abstract

Technological developments in electrical systems require increased reliability and security in power distribution, especially in the face of power supply disruptions from the main source. Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) and Automatic Main Failure (AMF) are critical systems that function to ensure continuity of power supply by automatically switching the power source from the main source (PLN) to the backup source (generator) when a blackout occurs, and returning it to the main source when the supply is normal. This study aims to design and build ATS and AMF panels that can work efficiently, quickly, and reliably by utilizing a microcontroller or Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) as a control center. This panel is designed by combining several main components such as contactors, relays, voltage sensors, circuit breakers, and delay timers to ensure the switching process takes place safely without causing current surges that can damage equipment. This system is equipped with overload, short circuit, and phase failure protection to prevent damage to the generator or load. System testing is carried out by simulating various power supply failure scenarios, including blackouts, under-voltage, over-voltage, and phase imbalance. The test results show that the designed ATS-AMF panel is able to respond to disturbances in less than 3-5 seconds (according to the IEEE 446 standard) and perform source switching without disrupting critical load operations.