Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Azolla (Azolla pinnata) dan Biosaka terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.)

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important horticultural crop in Indonesia, widely used as a culinary spice, medicinal ingredient, and cosmetic material. The high consumption level of garlic is not proportional to its domestic availability, leading to the need for continued imports. Garlic growth requires adequate nutrients, which can be supplied through fertilization, including the application of azolla liquid organic fertilizer and biosaka. This study was conducted on the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan City, North Sumatra Province, at an altitude of approximately 25 meters above sea level, from December 2024 to March 2025. A factorial randomized block design was used, consisting of two factors with three replications. The first factor was the dosage of azolla liquid organic fertilizer at four levels: 0, 75, 150, and 225 mL/polybag. The second factor was the concentration of biosaka at four levels: 0, 1.33, 2.67, and 4.00 mL/L of water. The application of azolla liquid organic fertilizer significantly affected plant height and number of leaves at 3–10 weeks after planting, as well as bulb diameter, fresh bulb weight, and dry bulb weight, with the best results obtained at 225 mL per polybag. The application of biosaka significantly affected both fresh and dry bulb weights, with the highest values achieved at 4.00 mL/L of water. The interaction between azolla liquid organic fertilizer and biosaka treatments showed no significant effect on any of the observed parameters.