Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pemanfaatan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap pada Bayi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Panyabungan Jae Kabupaten Mandailing Natal

Abstract

Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) is one of the government's preventive efforts to reduce infant morbidity and mortality rates. However, the coverage of CBI in the working area of Panyabungan Jae Public Health Center, Mandailing Natal District, remains low at only 54.8% in 2024, far below the national target of 95%. This low coverage is suspected to be influenced by sociodemographic factors, family support, and the role of posyandu cadres. This study aims to determine the influence of sociodemographic factors (age, education, occupation, knowledge, attitude, and belief), family support, and the role of posyandu cadres on the utilization of complete basic immunization for infants in the working area of Panyabungan Jae Public Health Center in 2025. This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 100 mothers with children aged 12–24 months, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using multivariate logistic regression tests with the Backward LR method. The results showed that 72% of the respondents had not fully utilized complete basic immunization services. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that attitude (p= 0.001; OR= 10.709) and education (p= 0.050; OR= 4.534) significantly influenced the utilization of CBI. This study concludes that maternal attitude toward immunization is the dominant factor influencing the utilization of complete basic immunization. Efforts to increase CBI coverage should focus on improving positive attitudes through intensive health education, active involvement of posyandu cadres, and strengthening family support.