Analisis Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (Cites) 1973 dalam Perdagangan Ilegal Komodo (Varanus Komodoensis) sebagai Satwa yang Dilindungi di Indonesia

Abstract

The Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis) is an endemic Indonesian species currently classified as endangered and listed under Appendix I of CITES, which prohibits international trade in the species except for specific non-commercial purposes. This research aims to analyze the regulatory framework of CITES in providing legal protection for Komodo dragons, examine the implementation of these rules within Indonesia‟s national legal system, and identify the factors hindering its effective enforcement in preventing illegal trade. This study uses a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach, focusing on legal instruments and international conventions ratified by Indonesia. Data were collected through literature review involving primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The findings indicate that although CITES has been ratified through Presidential Decree No. 43 of 1978 and incorporated into various national regulations—such as Law No. 5 of 1990 jo Law No. 32 of 2024 and Government Regulation No. 8 of 1999—illegal trade of Komodo dragons continues to occur. Key obstacles to CITES implementation in Indonesia include weak law enforcement, lack of interagency coordination, and low public awareness regarding the importance of species conservation. This study recommends strengthening monitoring mechanisms, enhancing the capacity of law enforcement officials, and increasing public education as concrete steps to optimize the legal protection of Komodo dragons through effective CITES implementation in Indonesia.