Analisis Mekanik Sasis Urban Team Horas USU dengan Perbandingan Material Galvanized Steel dan Alumunium 6061 Menggunakan Finite Element Method

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and compare the mechanical parameters of the Urban Team Horas USU vehicle chassis made of Galvanized Steel and Aluminum 6061 using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The analysis focuses on stress, strain, total deformation, and safety factor (FOS) to determine the more optimal material based on structural performance and material efficiency. Simulations were conducted using SolidWorks 2020 for 3D modeling and ANSYS 2020 R2 for numerical analysis, with a static load of 985 N. The simulation results reveal that Galvanized Steel exhibits lower total deformation (0.3119 mm) compared to Aluminum 6061 (0.88677 mm), indicating superior rigidity. Aluminum 6061 shows higher elastic strain (0.00031954 mm/mm) than Galvanized Steel (9.7896e- 5 mm/mm), reflecting greater flexibility. The maximum stress for both materials remains below their yield limits (Aluminum: 19.632 MPa, Galvanized: 18.337 MPa), with safety factors significantly exceeding standard thresholds (Aluminum: 11.098, Galvanized: ~15), suggesting potential overdesign. In conclusion, Galvanized Steel demonstrates better structural stability, while Aluminum 6061 offers lighter weight but lower stiffness. Design optimization could further refine material selection to reduce mass without compromising safety.