Analisis Pengaruh Temperatur Tuang pada Sifat Mekanik dan Mikrostrukturcoran Al-Mg Berbahan Kaleng Minuman Bekas Menggunakan Metode Sand Casting

Abstract

Casting is a manufacturing process in which molten metal is poured into a mold and allowed to solidify to form the desired product. This study aims to analyze the effect of pouring temperature variation on the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum alloy made from recycled beverage cans with added magnesium (Al-Mg). The casting process was carried out using the sand casting method at three pouring temperatures: 700°C, 750°C, and 800°C, with 8% magnesium addition by weight. The tests conducted included Brinell hardness testing, Charpy impact testing, wear testing, and microstructural observation. The microstructural results showed that a pouring temperature of 750°C produced the most homogeneous structure with the least porosity, resulting in the highest average hardness of 63.253 BHN. Meanwhile, the 700°C temperature exhibited the best wear resistance with a wear rate of 1.60 × 10⁻⁸ mm³/Nmm. On the other hand, the 800°C temperature produced the highest toughness with an impact value of 0.0467 J/mm², indicating better resistance to shock loads. Overall, increasing the pouring temperature significantly improves the mechanical properties and microstructure of aluminum-magnesium alloys made from recycled aluminum using the sand casting method.