Isolasi dan Identifikasi Golongan Senyawa Flavonoida dari Kulit Buah Kaliandra Merah (Calliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (Meisn.) Barneby)

Abstract

Red calliandra plant (Calliandra houstoniana var. calothyrsus (Meisn.) Barneby) was a plant that had many benefits, one of which was used as a herbal medicine. One of the bioactive compounds that played a role in this was flavonoids. The isolation and identification of flavonoid compound groups from the skin of the red calliandra fruit had been carried out through the maceration extraction stage with methanol solvents. The concentrated methanol extract was repeatedly extracted with ethyl acetate until negative with the 5% FeCl3 test. The ethyl acetate extract was dissolved with methanol and partitioned with n-hexane until clear. The concentrated methanol extract was then analyzed by TLC, then separated by column chromatography with silica gel as the stationary phase with chloroform eluent: ethyl acetate (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, 20:80, and 10:90) v/v as the mobile phase. The third fraction was selected to be purified by column chromatography with silica gel as the stationary phase with chloroform eluent: ethyl acetate (30:70) v/v as the mobile phase. The pure compound obtained was in the form of a yellowish-white amorphous solid as much as 5.7 mg with an Rf value = 0.55 using chloroform eluent: ethyl acetate (80:20) v/v. Based on the results analyzed by UV-Visible Spectrophotometer showed two absorption bands with a wavelength (λmax) of 318 nm in band I and 270 nm in band II. The results of the Infrared Spectrophotometer (FT-IR) analysis showed the presence of O-H, C-H sp3 stretching, C=C Aromatic, C-H sp3 bending, and C-O-C groups. And the results of the Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrophotometer (¹H- NMR) analysis showed the presence of H-3, H-6, H-2’, H-3’, H-5’, H-6’, and OCH3. Spectroscopic data showed that the isolated compound obtained was a flavonoid compound of the flavone group.