Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Intensi Penggunaan Helm pada Pengendara Motor di Kota Medan: Pendekatan Theory of Planned Behavior

Abstract

Data from the Medan Metropolitan Police (Lutfan, 2024) reveal that violations of helmet use are common among university students aged 18–25, a group classified as being in the stage of emerging adulthood (Arnett, 2004). This developmental stage involves identity exploration and increased autonomy, including decisions related to road safety such as helmet use. This study investigates the influence of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on the intention to use helmets among motorcyclists in emerging adulthood in Medan, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Employing a quantitative, correlational-causal design, the study involved 100 participants aged 18–25, selected through accidental sampling. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with bootstrapping (1000 resamples). Findings indicate that only perceived behavioral control significantly affects the intention to wear a helmet (B = 0.365; p = 0.001; 95% CI [0.212, 0.582]). Attitude (B = 0.028; p = 0.497) and subjective norms (B = 0.024; p = 0.802) showed no significant effect. These results underscore the importance of enhancing self-control and perceived ability to perform safe behavior as a key factor in increasing helmet use among individuals in emerging adulthood.