Efektivitas Nanokrim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.)Urb.) sebagai Anti-Aging

Abstract

Background: Skin aging was a natural process that could have been accelerated by exposure to free radicals, UV rays, and oxidative stress. Pegagan leaves (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.) were known to contain high levels of antioxidants and active compounds such as flavonoids and triterpenoids, which had the potential as anti aging agents. Nano cream was used because it could enhance the penetration of active ingredients into the skin. Objective: The study aimed to formulate ethanol extract of pegagan leaves into a stable nano cream preparation and to analyze the effectiveness of the ethanol extract nano cream as an anti-aging agent. Method: This research involved stages of extraction of pegagan leaves using 96% ethanol solvent, followed by antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH (2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method, and formulation of ethanol extract nano cream preparations with the addition of ethanol extract at concentrations of 0.1% (F1), 0.2% (F2), 0.3% (F3), and without extract (F0). Evaluation of the nano cream included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, emulsion type, pH, viscosity, particle size measurement, physical stability at room temperature for 12 weeks, and cycling test. The anti-aging effectiveness test was carried out over a 4 week treatment period, measuring parameters such as moisture, pore size, spot appearance, and wrinkles on the back of the volunteers' hands once a week using a skin analyzer tool. Results: The antioxidant activity test of the ethanol extract of pegagan leaves showed very strong activity with an IC50 value of 23.24 µg/mL. The nano cream preparation had a semi-solid texture, light green colour, homogeneous, with M/A emulsion type, stable under centrifugation test, spreadability of 5.18–6.82 cm, pH 5.85–6.26, viscosity of 20898.67–41419.00 cP, particle size met the requirement (<500 nm), stable at room temperature for 12 weeks, and stable in the cycling test. The nano cream with 0.3% concentration (F3) showed better effectiveness than concentrations of 0% (F0), 0.1% (F1), and 0.2% (F2). Average percentage improvements at 0.3% (F3) as follows: moisture 76.39%, pores 73.21%, spots 49.39%, and wrinkles 52.47%. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of pegagan leaves could be formulated into a nano cream preparation that met evaluation requirements and demonstrated optimal anti aging effectiveness at a concentration of 0.3% (F3).