Pengolahan Limbah Ranting Kayu menjadi Pelet Biomassa dengan Pengikat Alami dari Limbah Kulit Singkong

Abstract

Wood branch waste and cassava peel waste are organic waste whose amount continues to increase every year, but their utilization is not optimal, resulting in accumulation that causes aesthetic damage and odor from the decomposition of the waste. In fact, wood waste has a high calorific value of 4,300 cal/g, which is quite optimal as fuel, and cassava peel waste has a high starch content of 93.46%, which can function as an adhesive in the manufacture of biomass pellet fuel. Utilizing waste to make biomass pellet fuel is one effort that can be done to minimize waste accumulation. This study aims to analyze the quality through the characteristics of the best biomass pellets produced from wood twig waste with natural binder material cassava peel waste according to SNI 8675-2018. This research method was carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), by chopping, mixing the materials, compacting, drying for 24 hours under the sun, and heating at a temperature of 105°C, a mixture of wood twig waste and cassava peel waste adhesive with four variations of drying time, namely: (95%:5%) drying 2 hours, (95%:5%) drying 4 hours, (90%:10%) drying 2 hours, and (90%:10%) drying 4 hours with two repetitions in each variation. The results showed that biomass pellet sample 4 (90%:10%) 4 hour drying, was the best biomass pellet with the highest calorific value (4,024 cal/g), bound carbon content (11.83%), density (409 kg/m³), water content (8.35%), ash content (4.3%), volatile matter content (75.6%), and combustion rate (0.241 g/minute). The characteristics of biomass pellets produced from four samples met the standards for water content and ash content, but the parameters of density, volatile matter content, bound carbon content, and calorific value did not meet the characteristics of biomass pellets for energy according to SNI 8675-2018.