Analisis Faktor-Faktor Fraud Triangle dan Financial Distress yang Mempengaruhi Financial Statement Fraud pada Perusahaan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di BEI

Abstract

This study aims to examine the influence of fraud triangle factors, including financial stability, external pressure, opportunity, and rationalization, as well as financial distress on financial statement fraud in real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2018 to 2022.

The study is based on the 2022 ACFE report, which states that financial statement fraud results in the highest average losses compared to other types of fraud. The real estate industry is identified as the sector experiencing the greatest average losses due to fraud. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, resulting in 33 companies over 5 years, yielding a total of 165 observations. The analysis technique applied was regression analysis on quantitative panel data using Eviews version 13 software.

The results indicate that opportunity and financial distress have a positive effect on financial statement fraud, while rationalization has a negative effect. Meanwhile, financial stability and external pressure do not significantly affect financial statement fraud.