Hubungan antara Hba1c dengan Rasio Platelet Limfosit dan Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease in which inflammation plays a significant role in both microvascular and macrovascular complications. The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) are simple hematological biomarkers that can reflect systemic inflammatory status and potentially correlate with HbA1c levels as an indicator of glycemic control. Objective: To determine the relationship between HbA1c levels and NLR and PLR in T2DM patients at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using secondary data from the medical records of T2DM patients between May and July 2024. A total of 96 patients met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The median HbA1c of the patients was 9% (range 4.2–15.4%). Median NLR increased according to HbA1c categories: 3.91 (HbA1c <7%), 5.77 (HbA1c 7–9%), and 7.19 (HbA1c >9%) with p=0.012. Median PLR also increased across categories: 134.75, 189.00, and 233.33 with p=0.009. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between HbA1c levels and both NLR and PLR in T2DM patients. NLR and PLR can be used as additional hematological parameters to assess inflammation and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.