Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Kanker Payudara pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Medan Tahun 2025

Abstract

Breast cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably and form tumors that can spread to other organs. In 2022, breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed diseases in women globally, with 29.13% of cases ending in death, indicating a high Case Fatality Rate (CFR) globally (WHO, 2024). In 2024 at Haji Medan General Hospital, there were 1,665 cases of breast cancer in outpatients. This study aims to determine the factors related to the incidence of breast cancer at Haji Medan General Hospital in 2025. The study used quantitative methods with a cross sectional approach. The sample selection technique used purposive sampling technique with a total of 114 respondents. Data was collected through interviews using a questionnaire. The results of univariate analysis showed that most respondents were 46-55 years old (36,8%), Javanese (46,5%), had high school / vocational high school and college education (61,4%), housewives (71,1%), had a family history of breast cancer (64,0%), experienced menarche < 12 years (55,3%), gave birth to the first child < 35 years (59,6%), breastfeeding < 6 months (53,5%), and used hormonal contraception (64,9%). Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between breast cancer incidence and age (p=0,016), family history of breast cancer (p=0,007), age at menarche (p=0,024), breastfeeding history (p=0,002), and hormonal contraceptive use (p=0,001). However, there was no significant association between age at first childbirth and breast cancer incidence (p=0,651). Suggestions for the community are recommended to conduct regular early detection of breast cancer, such as breast self-examination (SADARI) and clinical breast examination (SADANIS), especially women over 40 years old or who have a family history of breast cancer.