Implementasi Kebijakan Penyelenggaraan Layanan Rehabilitasi Narkotika dalam Menangani Overcrowded di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Medan

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the narcotics rehabilitation service policy in addressing overcrowding at the Class I Correctional Facility in Medan. The focus of the study is directed at two main variables based on Merilee S. Grindle's policy implementation theory, namely the content of policy and the context of implementation. This research adopts a qualitative approach using descriptive methods, with data collection techniques comprising in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies. The findings indicate that social rehabilitation programs have been routinely carried out for narcotics inmates, yet they have not significantly contributed to reducing the number of occupants exceeding capacity. The main obstacles identified include limited human resources and facilities, disproportionate ratios between officers and inmates, weak inter-agency coordination, and suboptimal integration of rehabilitation programs within the national penal system. Nevertheless, the rehabilitation program has had a positive impact on changing inmate behavior, increasing self-awareness, and preparing inmates for social reintegration. This study emphasizes that the issue of overcrowding cannot be resolved solely through technocratic or administrative approaches but requires inter-institutional synergy and progressive penal policy reform, including the implementation of restorative justice for drug users. The recommendations proposed include strengthening the institutional capacity of correctional facilities, updating regulations on rehabilitation, and enhancing intersectoral collaboration in the implementation of rehabilitation policies as a long-term effort to sustainably address overcrowding.