Sintesis Selulosa Dialdehida Dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Wet Strength Agent

Abstract

Cellulose isolation from empty palm fruit bunches (EPFB) was conducted by adding 3.5% HNO3, 2% NaOH, and 1.75% Na2SO3, NaOCl, 10% H2O2. 18.160 g of cellulose was obtained. The cellulose was oxidized using NaIO4 with a ratio of 1:2.1, with reaction time variations of 3 hours, 6 hours, and 9 hours at a temperature of 85°C, resulting in dialdehyde cellulose. The formation of dialdehyde cellulose was indicated by the presence of a brick-red precipitate in Fehling's solution and increased solubility in hot water. The resulting dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) had a degree of oxidation of 56.55% and carbonyl 6,72 content. FT-IR analysis showed a vibrational peak at a wavenumber of 1674.68 cm⁻¹, indicating an aldehyde C=O group. SEM analysis showed that the fiber surface was smoother and less regular compared to cellulose. PSA analysis showed a decrease in the average fiber diameter to 307 ± 83 nm. Dialdehyde cellulose was directly applied to paper as a cellulose-based wet strength agent (WSA), resulting in a tensile index of 11,114 Nm/g, which is better according to SNI 8218-2015