Analisis Pengaruh Banjir Rob Terhadap Kondisi Sosial, Ekonomi, dan Lingkungan Hidup Masyarakat Bagan Deli Belawan

Abstract

Tidal flooding (rob) is a significant environmental problem in coastal areas, including Bagan Deli Village, Medan Belawan. This study aims to analyze the impact of tidal flooding on the social, economic, and environmental conditions of the community. The research employed a mixed-method approach, combining descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and the distribution of questionnaires to 98 respondents. The results indicate that tidal flooding has a major impact on community life. Socially, 88% of respondents stated that tidal flooding disrupts daily activities, access to education, and healthcare services. Economically, 79% of respondents experienced a decline in income and property damage. Environmentally, 84% of respondents reported pollution and damage to the coastal ecosystem, including saline well water and the loss of mangrove vegetation. Community-led adaptation strategies include mutual cooperation to build temporary dikes, house elevation (62%), the use of boats for mobility (51%), and a willingness to relocate (48%). This study recommends mitigation and adaptation measures such as constructing stilt houses and elevated roads with a minimum height of 2 meters, prohibiting construction in green belt areas, and developing flood-resistant housing similar to the RAM smelter concept. Addressing tidal flooding requires sustained collaboration between the government, the community, and other stakeholders to build a resilient and inclusive environmental defense system. Keywords: tidal flooding, social impact, coastal economy, environmental damage, adaptation, Bagan Deli, Belawan