Pengelolaan Asuhan Keperawatan Ketidakstabilan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Dengan Implementasi Senam Kaki Diabetik di Lingkungan IV Kelurahan Padang Bulan Medan

Abstract

Type II diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that occurs when the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Blood glucose instability in type II diabetes mellitus patients may lead to chronic complications, such as diabetic foot ulcers. This practicum aimed to manage nursing care for blood glucose instability in type II diabetes mellitus patients through the implementation of diabetic foot exercises in Environment IV. Padang Bulan Subdistrict, Medan. The nursing care was provided to three clients diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus. The intervention was carried out over two weeks, from June 11 to June 21, 2025, and involved comprehensive nursing care processes including assessment, nursing diagnosis, intervention planning, implementation, and evaluation. The foot exercises were performed for three consecutive days, each session lasting 30 mimutes. In addition to the exercise intervention, patients were also given education regarding diabetic diet and medication adherence. The results of the intervention showed improved blood circulation in the clients' feet, marked by reduced complaints of numbness and muscle stiffness, as well as a significant decrease in random blood glucose levels. These findings are consistent with previous studies indicating that diabetic foot exercises can enhance peripheral circulation and reduce the risk of foot-related complications in type II diabetes mellitus patients. This confirms that non-pharmacological interventions, such as diabetic foot exercisex, can serve as an essential component of comprehensive nursing care management for clients with type II diabetes mellitus.