Karakterisasi Dan Evaluasi Keragaman 10 Kultivar Padi Lokal (Oryza Sativa L.) Hasil Eksplorasi dari Kabupaten Simalungun

Abstract

Rice is a rice-producing crop and is a staple food in Indonesia. Rice development is an important alternative to increase national rice production in meeting the food needs of the Indonesian people. This study aims to characterize, determine the advantages and weaknesses of morphological and agronomic characters as well as the kinship of 10 rice cultivars from Simalungun Regency. This research was carried out at the Greenhouse House, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara with a place height of ± 25 meters above sea level starting from November 2024 to June 2025. This research was carried out by an experimental method without a design, namely by deliberately sampling as many as 3 sampled plants/cultivars. Character identification was carried out by the guidance of the rice plant characterization and evaluation system by IRRI 2003 translation. The results of the study show that the morphological and agronomic characteristics of 10 local rice cultivars have uniform and diverse properties both in their qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The introduced local rice cultivar from Simalungun Regency has superior characteristics such as the angle of the erect leaf in 6 cultivars, the angle of the flag leaf of the upright criterion in 5 cultivars, the length of the panicle criterion is long in 9 cultivars, the grain length of the criterion is very long in all cultivars, the width of the grain criterion is wide in all cultivars, the number of productive saplings of the criterion is very large in 8 cultivars, the total number of seedlings criterion is very large in all cultivars, the total number of grain criteria is many Red Sibandung, Sipermaisuri and Siaries, weight of 1000 grains of weight criteria in 4 cultivars, stubbornness of strong criteria stems in 5 cultivars and the skin color of the red criteria rice in Simedan and Red Sibandung cultivars while the color of the rice rind is brown criteria in Sikawat cultivars, Sihalus and Red Sipandan. Sipermaisuri and Sihalus cultivars have similarities in 34 parameters out of 46 parameters and Sishort and Siaries cultivars have similarities in 28 parameters out of 46 qualitative and quantitative parameters, Siaries and Sikariting cultivars as cultivars that have the furthest similarity level to the other 8 cultivars.