Pengelolaan dan Asuhan Keperawatan Klien dengan Masalah Gangguan Kardiovaskular: Hipertensi melalui Penerapan Self Management Education (SME) dan Senam Hipertensi di Dusun XII Kelurahan Bandar Khalipah Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases in Indonesia and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases that can lead to death globally. This paper aims to examine and evaluate the effectiveness of implementing nursing care and management for hypertensive clients through Self-Management Education (SME) and hypertension exercise in Dusun XII, Bandar Khalipah Subdistrict, Percut Sei Tuan District. The intervention was carried out from June 6 to June 11, 2025, involving 3 respondents. The scope of this project includes the implementation of SME by conducting a pretest using the Hypertension Self- Management Behavior Questionnaire (HSMBQ), providing education using leaflets about hypertension, and administering a posttest on the sixth day using the same questionnaire. The hypertension exercise component included checking the clients' blood pressure, distributing exercise leaflets, and providing direct training on the proper execution of the exercise. The results of the SME implementation showed that Client 1 (Mrs. M) had a posttest score of 148 (93%), Client 2 (Mrs. E) scored 128 (80%), and Client 3 (Mrs. R) scored 129 (81%)-all categorized as good. The findings indicate that all three clients had recognized hypertension and were able to manage it properly in accordance with the five self-management components provided. In addition, a decrease in blood pressure was observed at the end of the intervention: Mrs. M had 128/82 mmHg, Mrs. E had 122/80 mmHg, and Mrs. R had 135/85 mmHg. These results demonstrate that the management and nursing care for hypertensive clients using Self-Management Education (SME) and hypertension exercise in Dusun XII, Bandar Khalipah Subdistrict, Percut Sei Tuan District is highly effective in improving clients' knowledge of hypertension and in reducing their blood pressure.