Penggunaan Kitosan Kulit Udang Putih (Litopenaeus Vannamei) untuk menurunkan Kadar Logam Ai Dan Mn Pada Air Sungai Di Kawasan Tembung

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution such as aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) in water can have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Chitosan has active amino (NH2) and hydroxyl (OH) groups, which are able to adsorb heavy metal ions such as (Al) and (Mn) through chemical interactions. To reduce the levels of heavy metals in water, chitosan extracted from white shrimp shells (Litopenaeus vannamei) can be used. Analysis of Al and Mn metal levels was carried out using the ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry) method. This study aims to test the effectiveness of chitosan in reducing Al and Mn levels in Tembung River water. Chitosan is obtained through the deacetylation process of chitin using 50% NaOH solution and dried before being applied as an adsorbent. Testing was carried out with variations of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% chitosan to determine the adsorption efficiency. The results of the study showed that at a dose of 9%, the absorption efficiency of Al and Mn reached more than 80% while the doses at 5% and 7% showed an efficiency of around 60 - 70%. The optimal contact time was found to be in the range of 90 - 120 minutes for maximum results. This is in accordance with the standard for river water quality (Regulation number 22 of 2021 which stipulates 0.2 mg/L for Al and 0.1 mg / L for Mn), Chitosan from white shrimp shells has the potential as an environmentally friendly natural material in the treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals.