Uji Kinerja Pirolisator Sistem Multiple Condenser Biomassa Kulit Buah Nipah (Nypa fruticans W.)

Abstract

The increasing demand for environmentally friendly energy has accelerated the development of alternative biomass-based technologies, one of which is the pyrolysis of Nypa fruit husk (Nypa fruticans W.) into liquid smoke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a multiple condenser system pyrolyzer in producing liquid smoke efficiently, based on temperature and pyrolysis duration parameters. The experiment was arranged using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors: temperature (300°C, 350°C, and 400°C) and pyrolysis time (3, 4, and 5 hours), each replicated three times. The parameters analyzed included effective capacity, energy consumption, liquid smoke yield, and economic feasibility, assessed through production cost, Break-Even Point (BEP), Net Present Point (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) calculations. Results showed that the treatment at 400°C for 5 hours produced the best outcome, with the highest effective capacity of 0.68 liters/hour, maximum yield of 65.33%, and an NPV value of Rp22,80,911.7/year at a 5.5% and NPV value of Rp663,451.5/year at 45%. The highest energy consumption was recorded at 281,839.47 kJ/kg under the same conditions. Economically, the equipment was found to be feasible and profitable with an IRR of 46.185% and a BEP of 303.342 liters/year. These findings indicated the multiple condenser system pyrolyzer was a promising technology for efficient and economical biomass conversion, supporting the sustainable utilization of organic waste into renewable energy.