Pengelolaan Pelayanan dan Asuhan Keperawatan Klien dengan Defisit Perawatan Diri Melalui Penerapan Token Ekonomi di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Medan

Abstract

Selfcare deficit is a condition in which an individual experiences limitations or disturbances in the ability to perform or complete self-care activities such as bathing, dressing, eating, and toileting. This condition significantly affects physical health, as a poor personal hygine can lead to various health issues. Consequences of self-care deficit may include impaired skin integrity, oral mucosal disturbances, nail problems, lack of grooming habits, poor table manners, and inadequate toileting hygine. The token economy is a formalized description of the relationship between antecedents (stimuli), behaviors, and consequences, designed to modify or influence behavior by increasing desired behaviors and reducing undesired ones through positive reinforcement. Accumulated tokens can be exchanged for rewards based on quantity. In this context professional nursing care is essential to support clients in regsining independence. This nursing care was provided to one client with a self-care deficit issue in the Sorik Merapi 2 inpatient ward at Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ildrem Mental Hospital. After five days of nursing intervention, the client demonstrated the ability to perform personal hygine, grooming, proper eating, and drinking etiquette, and appropriate toileting bhavior. The client earned 11 stars and received a pair of sandals as a reward. It is recommrnded rhat the client continue implementing these basic care routine regularly following rhe nursing intervention.