Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Gagal Ginjal Kronis pada Pasien Hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Khusus Ginjal Rasyida Medan Tahun 2025

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is a condition in which the kidneys undergo progressive damage that develops over several months or years. In Indonesia, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease is 0.38% with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 2.78%. At Rasyida Specialized Kidney Hospital, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease among patients undergoing hemodialysis in 2024 was 25.3%. This study aims to identify factors associated with the occurrence of chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis patients at Rasyida Specialized Kidney Hospital Medan in 2025. The study design is an observational analytical cross-sectional study. The sample size is 110 participants selected using purposive sampling. The data collected were primary data from interviews using questionnaires and secondary data from medical records. The univariate results showed that the highest proportion was found in males (50.9%), the 40-60 age group (47.3%), high school education level (56.4%), and respondents who were unemployed (49.1%). Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test revealed significant associations between age (p=0.002), gender (p=0.032), hypertension (p=0.019), diabetes mellitus (p=0.043), urinary tract stones (p=0.042), urinary tract infections (p=0.045), consumption of ultra-processed foods (p=0.006), and consumption of ultra-processed beverages (p=0.001) with the occurrence of CKD. However, there was no significant association between family history (p=0.132) and the occurrence of chronic kidney disease at Rasyida Kidney Specialty Hospital in Medan. Recommendations for the public include adopting a healthy lifestyle by implementing preventive measures such as CERDIK and PATUH to avoid chronic kidney disease.