Pengembangan Sistem Pengukuran Resistansi Bumi dan Implementasi Grounding Batang (Rod) Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Hybrid Berbasis IoT Menggunakan Aplikasi Thingspeak

Abstract

This research aims to develop a soil resistivity measurement system for a hybrid power generation system that integrates solar energy and wind turbines, utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) technology for real-time monitoring via the ThingSpeak application. The system employs the ACS712-30A sensor to measure current and the ZMPT101B sensor to measure voltage. The collected data is processed by the ESP32 microcontroller and displayed on the ThingSpeak platform as well as a 16x2 I2C LCD, allowing for remote monitoring.The testing was conducted under three conditions: without a pipe, with a 2-meter pipe, and with a 3-meter pipe. The test results show that under the no-pipe condition (June 23 and 24, 2025), the generated voltage was 7.44V with a current of 2.49A and resistivity of 3.345Ω. Under the 2-meter pipe condition (June 26, 2025), the voltage was recorded at 6.745V with 2.035A and resistivity of 3.31Ω, while under the 3-meter pipe condition (June 27, 2025), the voltage was 6.785V, the current was 2.115A, and the resistivity was 2.75Ω. The results indicate that the depth of the pipe affects the soil resistivity values. The system is equipped with an automatic alert feature to notify if the soil resistivity exceeds the safe threshold (5Ω), using a buzzer and the ThingSpeak application. This system is expected to enhance the reliability and efficiency of hybrid power generation, ensure safe grounding conditions, and provide a practical solution for electrical monitoring based on IoT.