Validitas dan Reliabilitas Youth Anxiety Measure-5-I Versi Bahasa Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Anxiety disorders among adolescents are highly prevalent and may negatively impact academic performance, social functioning, and long-term psychological development. For clinical and research purposes in Indonesia, a valid and reliable instrument is needed to assess adolescent anxiety. The Youth Anxiety Measure-5-I (YAM-5) is a DSM-5–based self-report tool that has been widely applied in various countries. This study aimed to adapt, validate, and test the reliability of the Indonesian version of the YAM-5 (YAM-5-I).

Methods: This study was designed to perform a cross-cultural adaptation, validation, and reliability assessment of the Indonesian version of the YAM-5-I in an adolescent population. The adaptation process included forward translation, backward translation, expert committee review, and pilot testing. A total of 400 adolescents aged 12–18 years were recruited from private junior and senior high schools in Medan using cluster sampling. Validity was evaluated through content validity, construct validity with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and convergent validity using Pearson’s correlation with the Indonesian version of the SCARED. Reliability was examined using Cronbach’s Alpha and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).

Results: The Indonesian version of YAM-5-I demonstrated excellent content validity with S-CVI/Ave = 0.97. Exploratory factor analysis yielded five main factors consistent with DSM-5 anxiety dimensions, explaining 46.8% of the total variance. Convergent validity showed significant correlation with SCARED (r = 0.675; p < 0.001). Internal consistency was strong with Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.866, The average ICC value was 0.866 (95% CI 0.846–0.884; p < 0.001), indicating excellent reliability.

Conclusion: The Indonesian version of the YAM-5-I is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing anxiety symptoms in adolescents. It is suitable for use as a screening and research tool in Indonesia while maintaining the specificity of each anxiety domain.

Keywords: Anxiety disorders, adolescents, YAM-5-I, validity, reliability, psychometrics.