| dc.description.abstract | Energy demand in Indonesia continues to increase along with population growth and
industrial development, while fossil fuel availability is depleting and causing
negative environmental impacts. This condition drives the need for the development
of sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative energy sources, one of which
is bio-oil. Bio-oil is a liquid fuel produced from the pyrolysis of biomass, which can
be utilized as an alternative energy source due to its physical characteristics similar
to diesel, while generating lower pollutant emissions. Corncobs were selected as the
raw material because of their abundant availability in Indonesia and their high bio-oil
yield through the fast pyrolysis process. Bio-oil has the potential to substitute diesel
fuel; however, it still contains impurities such as phenols, which are corrosive,
reduce storage stability, and can increase the acid number as well as engine
corrosion. Therefore, a purification process using liquid-liquid extraction is required
to improve the quality of bio-oil so that it can be applied as a substitute fuel for
diesel. The preliminary design of the bio-oil plant from corncobs using fast pyrolysis
is planned with a capacity of 50,000 tons/year and an operating time of 330 days per
year. In this design, three main stages are carried out, namely raw material
preparation, fast pyrolysis, and separation and purification. The fast pyrolysis process
is conducted in an auger reactor at a temperature of 475 °C and a pressure of 3 atm.
The plant is planned to be established in Tengoron Village, Songgon District,
Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province, with a land area of 28,925 m² and a
workforce of 212 employees. The proposed business entity is a Limited Liability
Company (PT) with a line-and-staff organizational structure under the leadership of a
director. The total investment required is Rp 967,800,681,378 with a production cost
of Rp 1,410,774,634,237. The projected total sales are Rp 1,871,660,709,833 with a
gross profit of Rp 435,537,341,438 and a net profit after tax of Rp 304,931,139,007.
Based on the feasibility analysis, this plant achieves a Profit Margin (PM) of 23.3%,
Break Even Point (BEP) of 42.5%, Return on Investment (ROI) of 31.5%, Pay Out
Time (POT) of 3.17 years, Return on Net Worth (RON) of 53%, and an Internal Rate
of Return (IRR) of 40.5%. From the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the
preliminary design of the bio-oil plant from corncobs using the fast pyrolysis process
with a capacity of 50,000 tons/year is feasible to be established. | en_US |
