Asuhan Keperawatan pada Anak dengan Tuberkulosis Paru yang Mengalami Depresi Akibat Hospitalisasi melalui Penerapan Terapi Bermain Simbolik di Rumah Sakit Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and most commonly affects the lungs. This disease spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or releases droplets. Hospitalization in children with pulmonary tuberculosis can have psychological impacts, one of which is depression due to environmental changes. The purpose of this paper is to describe nursing care for children with pulmonary tuberculosis who experience depression due to hospitalization through the application of symbolic play therapy at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital. Nursing interventions were provided through the implementation of symbolic play therapy for three consecutive days. Depression levels were evaluated before and after the intervention using the Children’s Fear Scale. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results of symbolic play therapy showed that on the first day after therapy, the score was 2, indicating moderate anxiety; on the second day, the score was 1, indicating mild anxiety; and on the third day, the score was 0, indicating no anxiety. These results indicate a decrease in the level of depression in children, meaning that the application of symbolic play therapy was effective in helping to reduce depression in children with pulmonary tuberculosis caused by hospitalization. The conclusion of this paper is that the implementation of symbolic play therapy in children with pulmonary tuberculosis who experience depression due to hospitalization can help reduce depression. Nurses are expected to enhance the quality of nursing care by applying symbolic play therapy to children in order to reduce the psychological impact of hospitalization.