Hubungan Sindrom Metabolik Dengan International Prostate Symptom Score dan Volume Prostat di RS Pendidikan Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Its impact on symptom severity, assessed by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and prostate volume remains under-investigated in Southeast Asian populations. Objective: To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome, IPSS, and prostate volume in patients attending a teaching hospital in North Sumatra. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled male patients with and without MetS according to WHO criteria. IPSS was assessed using validated questionnaires, and prostate volume was measured by transabdominal ultrasound. Associations were analyzed using chi-square and independent eta tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 56 patients were included (28 with MetS, 28 controls). Patients with MetS had significantly higher mean IPSS scores (12,43 ± 1,5 vs. 7 ± 2,14, p < 0.05) and larger prostate volume (41,39 ± 3,19 mL vs. 27,32 ± 2,34 mL, p < 0.01). The prevalence of moderate-to-severe LUTS (IPSS ≥ 8) was higher in the MetS group (64,3% vs. 35,7%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is significantly associated with higher LUTS severity and greater prostate volume. These findings highlight the importance of metabolic evaluation in men presenting with LUTS to improve integrated management strategies. Keywords : Metabolic syndrome; International Prostate Symptom Score; prostate volume; lower urinary tract symptoms; benign prostatic hyperplasia