Peran Iklim Sekolah terhadap Effort and Persistence Belajar Matematika Siswa Indonesia Berdasarkan PISA 2022

Abstract

Mathematics plays a crucial role in developing critical thinking and problemsolving skills, yet the results of the 2022 PISA (Philosophy of Mathematics and Social Sciences) show that Indonesian students' achievement remains low. Non-cognitive factors, particularly effort and persistence encompassing effort and persistence, are crucial for successful learning. This study aims to analyze the role of school climate on Indonesian students' effort and persistence in mathematics learning, based on PISA 2022 data. The research method employed a quantitative approach with secondary data from 13,439 15 year old students selected through stratified proportional random sampling. The research instrument was a PISA student questionnaire, and data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. The results showed that school climate significantly influenced effort and persistence (p < 0.05). Indicators of sense of belonging, being bullied, feeling safe, and school safety risk significantly contributed to student effort and persistence. These findings confirm that a safe, inclusive, and bullying free school environment increases students' effort and persistence in learning mathematics