Pengelolaan Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien Hemodialisa: Hipertensi dengan Pemberian Terapi Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) di Ruangan Hemodialisa RSUP H. Adam Malik

Abstract

This senior practicum is the final stage in the Nursing Profession education, aiming to develop students' abilities in independently and professionally managing nursing care. The practicum was conducted on hemodialysis clients with hypertension in the Hemodialysis Unit of RSUP H. Adam Malik. The objective of this activity was to reduce blood pressure through nursing interventions using progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) therapy as a non-pharmacological approach. The method involved administering PMR therapy to reduce post-hemodialysis blood pressure, with each session lasting 5 hours for three clients. Hypertension is characterized by elevated blood pressure exceeding normal limits, specifically systolic pressure > 140 mmHg and diastolic pressure >90 mmHg. Blood pressure is one of the vital signs used as a basis for diagnosing and managing patients. Kidney failure is a condition in which kidney function declines rapidly, preventing the kidneys from effectively removing metabolic waste or performing their normal functions. Hemodialysis remains a common method used in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), in addition to peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation. Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) is a simple relaxation method carried out in two stages: tensing and relaxing muscle groups one at a time to promote a sense of physical calm. Initial blood pressure measurements of the three post-hemodialysis clients were 190/90 mmHg, 172/100 mmHg, and 120/80 mmHg, respectively. After receiving PMR therapy, the final blood pressure readings decreased to 170/80 mmHg, 150/80 mmHg, and 110/70 mmHg. In conclusion, this senior practicum emphasizes the importance of implementing PMR therapy to reduce blood pressure in post-hemodialysis clients experiencing hypertension.