Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung Air dan Analisis Jenis Makrozoobentos sebagai Sumber Makanan Burung di Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Sicanang, Belawan

Abstract

Sicanang Mangrove Ecotourism is a habitat for waterbird so the area is designated as an important bird area (IBA). Conditions in the Sicanang Mangrove Ecotourism Area have experienced many anthropogenic disturbances due to the area was exploited and coverted into local settlement housing and fishpond. This study aims to identify and analyze the types of waterbirds and macrozoobentos in Sicanang Mangrove Ecotourism, the type and content of substrates in the area and to analyze habitat conditions by measuring environmental physical-chemical factors. This research was conducted in the Sicanang Mangrove Ecotourism Area, Medan Belawan, North Sumatra for 6 months using a purposive sampling method based on the active birds found at 4 location points, namely: Bird Island, andustrial area, mangrove forest, and near residential areas. Data collection using block method and concentration bird count. Macrozoobentos data were collected using the corer method. The results of the study were obtained from 12 species of birds with a total of 1,137. The highest H' value at Bird Island (H' = 1.98) is included in the medium category The highest evenness value (E) in industrial areas (E = 0.90) is included in the high category. The macrozoobentos obtained was to 2,000 that consist of 53 species. The most species in the Bird Island location (741 of 37 species) with the highest macrozoobentos value (H' = 3.007) belong to the high category. The highest evenness (E) in mangrove locations (E = 0.873). The total density was 18,697 ind/m2. Soil texture in all locations except Mangrove Forest is sandy clay while mangrove forest is clay texture. Physical and chemical conditions in the Sicanang Mangrove Ecotourism Area, the highest relative humidity in the Bird Island location was 79% and the highest salinity was 23‰. The condition of Sicanang Mangrove Ecotourism can still be a habitat for birds, but attention and maintenance are required to improve its quality. This condition can be seen at the location of Bird Island where many birds and food sources and other locations that can potentially become bird habitat.