Karakteristik Anatomi dan Sifat Kimia Batang Aren (Arenga Longipes Mogea) Bagian Ujung

Abstract

Aren is one type of palm plant that produces fruit, sap, and starch or flour in the trunk. The results of this aren that palm production can all be utilized and have economic value, one of which is the aren palm trunk, which can be used to make boards as building materials. This study aims to characterize the anatomy and analyze the chemical properties of the tip of the arenga palm trunk (Arenga longipes Mogea), to add information for further research. The observation of anatomical characteristics includes anatomical structure and fiber parameters that refer to the IAWA (1989) standard. The results of the calculation of anatomical characteristics showed a total vascular tissue area of 0.520 - 0.629 mm², a vascular tissue area of 0.127 - 0.294 mm², and a non-vascular tissue area of 0.298 - 0.378 mm². Calculation of fibre parameters showed fibre length of 1922.26 μm, class II, fibre diameter of 30.84 μm, lumen diameter of 16.91 μm, and fibre wall thickness of 6.97μm. Derived fibre dimension rungkle Ratio 0.96μm, Felting Power 0.69 μm, mushlsteph Ratio 22.92 μm, flexibility Ratio 0.88 μm, and coefficient of rigidity 0.41μm. The test results of chemical properties consist of solubility of extractive substances, cellulose content, lignin content, and ash content using ASTM standards (1985 and 2021). The results of the chemical properties test showed extractive substance content of 13.99 - 67.75%, cellulose content of 19.33 - 69.73%, ash content of 7.85 - 86%, and lignin content of 57.81 - 82.94%.