Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Asam Sitrat dari Pati Singkong dengan Metode Fermentasi Kapasitas Produksi 38.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Citric acid is a weak organic acid that has a white crystalline form. The use of citric acid includes 65% in the food industry, 20% in the cosmetics industry, and 15% in the chemical and textile industry. The amount of citric acid imports in Indonesia continues to be above 35,000 tons/year, while domestic citric acid production is still too little to meet domestic needs , so it is necessary to establish a citric acid factory to reduce dependence on imports. The material used in making citric acid is cassava which has a starch content of 87.87% which will be converted using the microbe Aspergillus Niger into citric acid. Citric acid production is carried out using a submerged fermentation process with a stirred reactor with a capacity of 38,000 tons/year. The main process in making citric acid consists of pre-treatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, purification and packaging processes. The location for the factory establishment is in the Seputih area, Tebanggi Besar, Central Lampung, the workforce required is 347 people with the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) business entity led by a factory manager with a line and staff organization system. The investment capital required to set up a factory is IDR 2,156,684,337,492 with production costs of IDR 1,152,990,106,924 and the net profit obtained is IDR 387,338,543,760. Based on the economic feasibility analysis, this factory has a BEP of 54%, ROI 20%, PM 32%, POT 5 years, RON 30%, and IRR 32%. From the results of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the pre-design of a citric acid manufacturing plant from cassava starch using the fermentation method is feasible to be established.