Aktivitas, Mekanisme Kerja Antijamur dan Profil Bioautografi Antioksidan dari Beberapa Ekstrak Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)

Abstract

Fungal infections are a common skin condition experienced by the public, caused by the fungi Candida albicans and Pityrosporum ovale. The neem plant is used as drug traditional because it has properties as an insecticide, bactericide, nematicide, acaricide, and antifungal. To determine the activity and mechanism of action of antifungals on the growth of Pityrosporum ovale and Candida albicans from several neem leaf extracts and identifying the bioautography profile of antioxidant compounds using DPPH reagent. Neem leaf extract was obtained using a multistage extraction method. Antifungal activity was tested using the agar diffusion method. The antifungal mechanism of action was analyzed by analyzing protein and nucleic acid synthesis and fungal cell wall permeability. The antioxidant bioautography profile was analyzed using the KLT method and using DPPH reagent to identify yellow spots containing active antioxidant compounds and to determine the Rf value. The results of the study showed that each increase in the concentration of neem leaf extract was able to provide a diameter of the inhibition zone in the medium-strong category. The results of the analysis of the antifungal mechanism of action showed that ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of neem leaves could affect nucleic acid synthesis at a wavelength of 260 nm, protein synthesis at a wavelength of 280 nm and damage the permeability of cell membranes with leakage of potassium ion minerals at a wavelength of 422.7 nm and calcium ion minerals at a wavelength of 766.5 nm. The results of antioxidant bioautography showed that in the ethyl acetate extract of neem leaves there were yellow spots that could be identified by Rf values. Based on the description above, it is concluded that each neem leaf extract can provide an inhibition zone diameter against Candida albicans and Pityrosporum ovale. Ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of neem leaf can damage protein synthesis, nucleic acids and cell wall permeability to fungi. Ethyl acetate extract of neem leaf shows active antioxidant compounds in the form of yellow spots and Rf values using DPPH reagents.