Keanekaragaman Jenis dan Analisis Pola Persebaran Anggrek Terestrial di Taman Wisata Alam Sicike Cike

Abstract

This research aims to examine the diversity of species and distribution patterns of terrestrial orchids in Sicike Cike Nature Tourism Park, North Sumatra Province. Data collection was conducted using the belt transect method measuring 5 × 50 m with 5 × 5 m subplots. The research was carried out in three management blocks: the Utilization Block, Religious Block, and Protection Block. Six transect lines were placed in each block, resulting in a total of eighteen transect lines with a sampling intensity of 0.08%. The research results show that there are 26 species of terrestrial orchids from 18 genera, with three dominant species based on the highest Important Value Index (IVI): Appendicula spp. (9.58), Phaius callosus (7.83), and Calanthe spp. (6.45). Although the number of orchid species is relatively high, their ecological dominance is still lower compared to other understory plants. Additionally, one new species that has never been reported in previous research was discovered: Dilochia wallichii. The observed orchid population shows a moderate level of species diversity, with a Shannon-Wiener Index (H') value of 2.3779. This value reflects fairly good species diversity, although it does not reach a high level. The calculation results of the Morisita Index showed that the distribution pattern of terrestrial orchids in the study area consisted of 13 species (50%) with a clumped pattern, 11 species (42%) with a uniform pattern, and 2 species (8%) with a random pattern.